Sunday, January 7, 2018

Trach Time Out




Bedside Tracheostomy Checklist

Prior to procedure:
   The patient has at least two functioning 20g or larger PIV or has central venous access
   Bronchoscopy cart with RT is available at bedside
   Surgical tracheostomy kit is present at bedside
   Size 6 and 8 percutaneous tracheostomy kits are present at bedside
   Sterile suction tubing and hard yaunker is readily available
   Chest tube kit is readily available
   Intubation kit is readily available
   Caps, gowns, sterile gloves, and drape are present
   Vasopressor and fluid bolus is hanging at the bedside for sedation-related hypotension
Procedure:
   Attending physician is present
   Time out performed
   Vital sign monitoring is every 2 minutes
   The ventilator has been set at 100% FiO2 for pre-oxygenation
   Patient is sedated to RASS goal of -3 to -5 prior to paralytic administration
   The patient is positioned supine in the bed with the neck hyperextended exposing the trachea
   The patient was cleaned with chlorhexidine or iodine

Trach Care Postop

Nurses should be placing a nurse driven order set (NUR Post Tracheostomy Orders) for every trach as well that covers standard trach care, education, speech pathology and RT consult.
 
All fresh trachs should be sutured with two sutures, preferably at the top end of the base plate.
Sutures should be secure but not tight enough to cause tissue injury.
All trachs should have a layer of polymem or white mepilex foam under the bottom of the trach plate to protect from moisture and pressure.
With the exception of ENT patients, nurses will remove sutures on day 3.
Per provider judgement we do sometimes see 4 sutures with the following types of patients:
  • BMI ≥ 36, thick, short neck
  • Significant anatomic variation of the neck (e.g., tortuous trachea, low tracheal stenosis, etc.) 
  • Concerns for upper airway obstruction and/or fresh laryngeal surgery (e.g., T3, T4 glottic carcinoma, subglottic stenosis) 
  • Acute neck surgery (e.g., free flap or pec flap reconstruction, etc.) 

Published 1/7/18 (A Bernard); Reviewed 1/9/24 (A Bernard);